Animal Genetic & Breeding

History Of the Department

History of the Department:

The Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding was established during the year 1963. Besides teaching undergraduate (B.V.Sc. & A.H.) and post-graduate students (M.V.Sc.) the Faculty and Post-Graduate students take up research work in frontiers of Animal Biometrical Genetics, Population genetics, Quantitative Genetics, Cytogenetics, Molecular genetics and Conservation genetics. The post-graduate (M.V.Sc.) degree programme was introduced in the year 1978. Since last 40 years, total 68 M.V.Sc. & two Ph. D. Students (By Research) students have completed their Masters Degree Programme till date. In the year 2007-08, University has started post-graduate academic programme in the discipline of Animal Biotechnology, wherein this department is identified as one of the core department for teaching few of the courses of Animal Biotechnology.

The main objectives of the department are :

To teach the subject of Animal Genetics & Breeding to Under-graduate (UG) & Post-graduate (PG) students
To conduct research in the field of Animal Genetics such as Biometrical Genetics, Population Genetics, Quantitative Genetics, Cytogenetics, Molecular genetics and Conservation genetics.
To provide extension services to stockholders in the area of Animal Genetics and breeding.

Faculty informations

	Name : Dr. Deepak Sukhdeo Kale
	Designation : Assistant Professor & I/C Head
	Qualification : M.V.Sc.; Ph.D. (Animal Genetics & Breeding)
	Phone No. : (O) 0712-2511402, 2511406
	Cell No.:91-9604747652
	E-mail : deepakkaleccmb@gmail.com

Externally Funded Research Project : 01

Funding Agency : SERB-DST, Govt. of India. New Delhi under CRG.

Title : Effect of Candidate Genes on Milk Production Traits in Gaolao Cattle (File No./EMR/2017/00032)

Research Publications :
Research Articles: 16 Review Articles: 01

Other :
Abstract Publications in Conferences & Symposiums etc. : 28
Popular Article: 07
Technical Reports: 04
Life member of professional affiliations: 05
Fellowships: 02

Senior Research Fellow (SRF) in National Fellow Project at National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, Haryana, India.
Post Doctoral Fellow (PDF) in Wellcome Trust Project at Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, AP, India.

Name : Dinesh Vitthalrao Patil
Designation : Assistant Professor
Qualification : M.Sc. Statistics
E-mail : patil0806@rediffmail.com
Phone No. : 91 9422815135

Experience :
Experience of around 15 years in teaching (AGB111: Bio-Statistics and Computer Application) & research Data analysis using basic and advanced statistical tools viz; SAS,SPSS etc,.

Research Publications : Research Papers: 04

Other :

Acting as I/C Computer Laboratory of the college since last 10 years
Acted as (Drawing and Disbursing Officer) for 03 Years

Dr. Kranti P. Kharkar
Designation: Assistant Professor
Qualification: M.V.Sc. Ph.D.
Phone No.: 9921594577
E-mail: drkranti1@gmail.com

Actively involved in UG and PG teaching and research activities. She has actively participated in extension activities like delivering lectures to the farmers during farmers training programme.

Publications : Research Papers: 19

Other :
Scientific abstracts: 17
Life member of professional affiliations: 04

Achievements of the Department

As far as academic and scientific achievements are concerned, the department has had its own triumphs and tribulations. This department has also embarked upon the task of characterization of native livestock breeds & assessment of domestic animal diversity using molecular genetics tools. The department has established effective linkages with IVRI, NDRI, NBAGR, CSWRI, CIRG, NEERI and NDDB as a part of collaborative post-graduate (PG) intra-mural research projects focusing on studies related with farm animal genetic resources (FAnGR) of Maharashtra.
The department of Animal Genetics & Breeding has been actively engaged for past several years in conducting research works on various aspects of applied animal genetics, besides other areas of animal breeding. A total of four Research Projects were implemented successfully by this department since 1991 funded by ICAR/NBAGR. These are as below;

An action research on the promotion of rabbit farming in tribal villages of Nagpur district. (1991 � 1994).
Associated herd Progeny Testing programme in Sahiwal and Karan-Swiss cattle (1992 � 1995).
Network project on Animal Genetic Resources (ICAR) on “Survey Evaluation and Characterization of Nagpuri Buffalo” (2001-2004). PI: Dr.A.R.Sirothia.
Network Project on “Survey, evaluation and characterization of Gaolao cattle” (2004 � 2006). PI: Dr.M.D.Kothekar
Ongoing SERB-DST extra mural research project under Core Research Grant Scheme titled “Effect of Candidate Genes on Milk Production Traits in Gaolao Cattle” (2018-19 to 2020-2021) PI:Dr.D.S.Kale

Vision / Mission of the Department

Vision/ Mission of the Department
VISION

The Vision of the Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding is:

To actively promote effective teaching, research and extension education
To participate in the provision of breeding advisory services to the livestock farmers and stakeholders in a manner that sustainable genetic improvement in animal productivity of the state and country is achieved.

PRIORITY
The Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding NVC, Nagpur has identified following priority research areas for next 3- 5 years duration for accelerating the pace of development in the field of Livestock Genetic Improvement Programmes:

Conservation and development of sustainable livestock breeding programmes for food security and improved livelihoods
Formation of Breeder’s Clubs/Associations/Societies for Nagpuri Buffalo, Gaolao Cattle and Berari Goats
Characterization of native breeds of livestock by advanced Molecular Genetic Approaches
Genetic evaluation and data analysis software development.

Course offered / Conducted by the department

UG : B.V.Sc.& A.H. (VCI, MSVE 2016 Regulations)
Animal Genetics & Breeding Paper-I & II (3+1=4)

NAME OF DISCIPLINE	:	Animal Breeding and Genetics including Biostatistics
PROFESSIONAL YEAR	:	II
CREDIT HOURS	:	3+1
BoS- Approval Resolution No.	:	MAFSU/BS/ABGB/27/03/2020

Sr.No.	Unit No.	Lecture/No.	Topic to be covered
1.	I	1	Introduction and Importance of statistics and biostatistics: Elementary statistical definitions
2.		2	Classification and Tabulation of Data, Parameter, Statistic and Observation.
3.		3	Graphical (Histogram, Frequency polygon, Ogive) and diagrammatic (Bar diagram, Pie diagram) representation of data.
4.		4-5	Measure of central tendency (simple and grouped data) Concept: Mean, Median, Mode Weighted mean, Geometric mean, Harmonic mean.
5.		6	Measure of dispersion (Simple and grouped data) Concept: Range, Inter quartile range, Mean deviation
6.		7	Standard deviation, Variance, Standard Error, Coefficient of Variance
7.		8	Elements of Probability : definition and its laws
8.		9-10-11-	Probability distribution: Binomial, Poisson, Normal
9.		12	Moments, Skewness, Kurtosis
10.		13-14	Correlation: Introduction, Concept, types, Properties and its uses. Rank Correlation
11.		15	Regression: Introduction, Concept, Properties and its uses
12.		16-17	Introduction to sample methods: Simple Random Sampling (SRS), Stratified sampling, Systematic sampling, Cluster sampling, etc.
13.		18	Testing of hypothesis: Simple and composite hypothesis, Null hypothesis, types of error, one tailed and two tailed, test, confidence interval, Power test.
14.		19-20	Test of hypothesis: t - test for single mean, difference of mean and paired t-test, testing of correlation coefficient
15.		21-22	Z-test, Chi - Square test for goodness of fit and test of attributes.
16.		23	Analysis of variance: One-way classification
17.		24	Analysis of variance: Two-way classification
18.		25	Design of Experiments: Concept and Principles (Replication, Randomization, Local control)
19.		26	Complete Randomized Design (CRD)
20.		27	Randomized Block Design (RBD), F - TEST OF Significance
21.		28	Introduction to Non-parametric tests (Rank test, Median, Mann-Whitney)
22.		29	Computer Application: Introduction to Computer languages,
23.		30	Data Base Management
24.		31-32	Review of MS-Office and its components (Ms-Word, Excel, Power Point and Access)
After 30% course completion - FIRST INTERNAL ASSESSMENT
25.	I	33.	Analysis of data using MS-Excel
26.	I	34.	Concept of computer networks, Internet and e-mail.
27.	II	35.	History of Genetics
28.		36.	Mitosis v/s Meiosis
29.		37.	Chromosome numbers and types in livestock and poultry
30.		38.	Overview of Mendelian principles
31.		39.	Overview of Mendelian principles
32.		40.	Modified Mendelian inheritance
33.		41.	Modified Mendelian inheritance
34.		42.	Pleiotropy, Penetrance and expressivity
35.		43.	Multiple alleles
36.		44.	Lethals
37.		45.	sex-linked inheritance
38.		46.	sex limited inheritance and sex influenced inheritance
39.		47.	Sex determination
40.		48.	Linkage and construction of linkage map
41.		49.	Crossing over
42.		50.	Mutation
43.		51.	Cytogenetics
44.		52.	Chromosomal aberrations
45.		53.	Extra-chromosomal inheritance
46.		54.	Gene concept, Molecular genetics
47.		55.	Nucleic acids-structure and function
48.		56.	DNA and its replication
49.		57.	Introduction to molecular techniques
50.		58.	Introduction to population genetics
51.		59.	Individual v/s population
52.		60.	Genetic structure of population: Gene and genotypic frequency
53.		61.	Hardy - Weinberg law and its application
54.		62.	Forces changing gene and genotypic frequencies (eg. Mutation, migration)
55.		63.	Forces changing gene and genotypic frequencies (eg.Selection and drift)
56.		64.	Quantitative v/s qualitative genetics
57.		65.	Concept of average effect and breeding value
After 60% course completion - SECOND INTERNAL ASSESSMENT
58.		66.	Components of Variance
59.		67.	Concept of correlation and interaction between Genotype and Environment
60.		68.	Heritability
61.		69.	Repeatability
62.		70.	Genetic and Phenotypic Correlations
63.	III	71.	History of Animal Breeding
64.		72-73	Classification of breeds
65.		74-75	Economic characters of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat and their importance
66.		76.	Economic characters of pig, poultry and their importance
67.		77.	Selection, types of selection
68.		78.	response to selection and factors affecting it
69.		79.	Bases of selection: individual, pedigree
70.		80.	Bases of selection: family, sib,
71.		81.	Bases of selection: progeny and combined, indirect selection
72.		82.	Method of selection, Single and Multi trait
73.		83.	Classification of mating systems
74.		84.	Inbreeding coefficient
75.		85.	Coefficient of relationship
76.		86.	Genetic and phenotypic consequences of inbreeding, inbreeding depression, application of inbreeding
77.		87.	Out breeding and its different forms
78.		88.	Genetic and phenotypic consequences of outbreeding, application of outbreeding,
79.		89.	Heterosis
80.		90.	Systems of utilization of heterosis; Selection for combining ability (RS and RRS)
81.		91.	Breeding strategies for the improvement of dairy cattle and buffalo
82.		92-93	Breeding strategies for the improvement of sheep, goat, swine and poultry
83.		94.	Sire evaluation
84.		95.	Open nucleus breeding system (ONBS)
85.		96.	Development of new breeds or strains
86.		97.	Current livestock and poultry breeding policies and programmes in the state and country
After 90% course completion- THIRD INTERNAL ASSESSMENT
87.	III	98.	Methods of conservation- livestock and poultry conservation programmes in the state and country
88.		99.	Application of reproductive and biotechnological tools for genetic improvement of livestock and poultry
89.		100.	Breeding for disease resistance
90.		101.	Classification of dog and cat breeds
91.		102.	Pedigree sheet, selection of breeds and major breed traits
92.		103.	Breeding management of dogs and cats
93.		104.	Common pet birds seen in India and their breeding management
94.		105.	Population dynamics and effective population size of wild animals in captivity or zoo or natural habitats
95.		106.	Planned breeding of wild animals
96.		107.	Controlled breeding and assisted reproduction
97.		108.	Breeding for conservation of wild animals

Practicals :

Sr. No. Sr.No.	Unit No.	Practical No.	Topic to be covered
1.	I	1.	Graphical and diagrammatical representation of data.
2.		2.	Estimation of measured of Central Tendency for simple and grouped data :Mean, Median, Mode
3.		3.	Estimation of measured of dispersion for simple and grouped data : Range, mean deviation, Standard deviation, Standard error, Variance, Coefficient of Variance
4.		4.	Estimation of correlation and regression.
5.		5.	Simple Probability problems
6.		6.	Normal Distribution. Test of significance: Z - test
7.		7.	Test of significance : student t - test for single mean, difference of mean and paired t-test
8.		8.	Test of significance : Chi - Square test,
9.		9.	Test of significance : F - test
10.		10.	Completely Randomized Design (C.R.D.)
11.		11.	Randomized Block Design (R.B.D.)
12.		12.	Computer Basics and components of computer, Simple operations, entry of biological data
13.		13.	Internet and e-mail. Entering and saving biological data through MS - Office, MS-Excel.
14.	II	14.	Problems based on monohybrid cross ratio & its modifications
15.		15.	Problems based on dihybrid cross ratio & its modifications
16.		16.	Problems based on Multiple alleles & Sex linked inheritance
17.		17.	Problems based on Linkage and crossing over
18.		18.	Demonstration of Karyotyping in farm animals
19.		19.	Calculation of gene and genotypic frequencies
20.		20.	Testing a population for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
21.		21.	Calculation of effects of various forces that change gene frequencies
22.		22.	Computation of population mean, average effect of gene and gene substitution
23.		23.	Computation of breeding value
24.		24.	Estimation of repeatability
25.		25.	Estimation of heritability ( Half-sib correlation method)
26.		26.	Estimation of heritability (ISRD)
27.		27.	Estimation of genetic and phenotypic correlations
28.	III	28.	Computation of selection differential and intensity of selection, Generation interval, expected genetic gain
29.		29.	Computation of correlated response, EPA
30.		30.	Computation of Most probable producing ability (MPPA)
31.		31.	Estimation of inbreeding coefficient
32.		32.	Estimation of relationship coefficient
33.		33.	Estimation of heterosis
34.		34.	Computation of sire indices
35.		35.	Computation of selection index

PG: M.V.Sc. Degree Programme Courses:

Sr. No.	Course No. & Credits	Title of the course
1.	AGB 601 (2+1=3)	Animal Cytogenetics and Immunogenetics
2.	AGB 602 (2+1=3)	Molecular Genetics in Animal Breeding
3.	AGB 603 (2+1=3)	Population and Quantitative Genetics in Animal Breeding
4.	AGB 604 (3+1=4)	Selection Method and Breeding Systems
5.	AGB605 (3+1=4)	Biometrical Techniques in Animal Breeding
6.	AGB606 (2+0)	Conservation of Animal Genetic Resources
7.	AGB607 (2+1=3)	Cattle and Buffalo Breeding
8.	AGB608(2+0=2)	Small Farm Animal Breeding (Sheep, Goat, Swine and Rabbit)
9.	AGB609 (2+1=3)	Poultry Breeding
10.	AGB610 (1+0)	Laboratory Animal Breeding
11.	AGB691 (1+0)	Master’s Seminar
12.	AGB699 (20)	Master’s Research

Departmental Research Activity

Departmental Research Activity

Infrastructure:
This department has sufficient infrastructure to conduct U. G. academic degree programme. The Department has Animal Molecular Genetics Laboratory for conducting post-graduate practical and research in the fields of Animal Molecular Genetics and Animal Genomics. The existing equipments in the department are Gel Documentation System, Refrigerated Centrifuge, Thermal Cycler, Laminar Air Flow, Incubator, Hot air oven, Water bath, UV Transilluminator, Horizontal Electrophoresis Unit, Autoclave, Microwave oven, -20 Freezer, pH Meter, Mini spin, Weighing balance, Magnetic stirrer, Vortex etc.for Animal Molecular Genetics research work.
Currently, the Department is implementing SERB-DST Extra-mural Research Project under Core Research Grant Scheme titled “Effect of Candidate Genes on Milk Production Traits in Gaolao Cattle” from 2018-19 to 2020-2021.

The list of Completed Intra-mural Research Projects since 2000;

Sr. No.	Year	Title	Author	Guide
1.	2000	Restricted maximum likelihood estimation for some of the economic traits in Sahiwal cattle	Vivek Choudhary	Dr M.D.Kothekar
2.	2000	Studies on the carcass quality characteristics of Berari goats of Nagpur region	Ambhore G.S.	Dr. A.R Sirothia
3.	2000	Prediction of total laction yield on the basis of part performance	Thakur B.R.	Dr.M.D.Kothekar
4.	2001	A study of phenotypic characteristics of Berari goats under field condition	Jangam R.B.	Dr A.R.Sirothia
5.	2002	A study on the production performance of Nagpuri (Berari) buffaloloes under field conditions	Panicker V.C.	Dr. A.R.Sirothia
6.	2002	Study of some morphometric traits of Nagpuri (Berari) buffalo under field conditions	Nandedkar P. V.	Dr.A.R.Sirothia
7.	2002	Studies on some reproductive traits of Nagpuri (Berari) buffaloes under field conditions	Vane S.R.	Dr.A.R.Sirothia
8.	2003	Studies of lactation parameters of Nagpuri (Berari) buffalo under village condition of Nagpur district	Goodwin YubalYakub	Dr A.R.Sirothia
9.	2004	Breed characterization of Gaolao cattle in Wardha district of Vidarbha region	Kargirwar S.V.	Dr. A.R.Sirothia
10.	2004	Characterization of growth hormone gene of Nagpuri buffalo	Katre T.L.	Dr.A.R.Sirothia
11.	2005	Study of sire values and ranking in sahiwal bulls	Masne V.S.	Dr M.D Kothekar
12.	2005	Molecular characterization of Krishna valley breed of cattle using microsatellite markers	Rajesh Kumar S.	Dr.M.D.Kothekar
13.	2007	Assessment of genetic variability among Indian sheep breeds by RFLP-PCR of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b region	Sawaimul A. D.	Dr.S.R.Tekade
14.	2007	Analysis of genetic diversity among Indian sheep breeds by RFLP � PCR of mitochondrial DNA D � loop region	Sahare M. G.	Dr. S.Z.Ali
15.	2008	Genetic analysis of production and reproduction traits in Malpura sheep	Bankar P. S.	Dr.A.R.Sirothia
16.	2008	Analysis of genetic diversity of Indian Madgyal sheep breed by random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR	Hatkar D. N.	Dr.A.R.Sirothia
17.	2009	Determination of A1 and A2 Beta Casein variants in Indian cattle breeds	More S.N.	Dr.A.R.Sirothia
18.	2009	Study of morphometric traits of Madgyal sheep reared under field and organized farm conditions	Deshmukh S. Y.	Dr.A.R.Sirothia
19.	2010	Phenotypic and morphometric characterization of migrated Nellore type sheep breed from Ghatanji and Pandharkawada Taluka of Yawatmal District of Maharashtra	Dudhe S.D.	Dr.A.R.Sirothia
20.	2011	Analysis of milk protein polymorphism in Berari goat breed of Vidarbha region of Maharashtra	Kamble S B.	Dr.A.R.Sirothia
21.	2012	Metallothionein gene polymorphism study in cattle from fly ash zone	Doiphode P. U.	Dr.M.D.Kothekar
22.	2012	Molecular screening of aminolevulinic acid dehydratase gene in cattle from fly ash zone	Rajlaxmi Behera	Dr.M.D.Kothekar
23.	2014	Polymorphism in coding region of Metallothionein gene in Zebu cattle using molecular marker techniques	Gholap P.N.	Dr.D.S.Kale
24.	2018	Study of Prolactin Gene Polymorphism in Gaolao Cattle	Dudule P. D.	Dr.D.S.Kale
25.	2019	Screening for SNPs within DGAT1 Gene of Gaolao Cattle	Pantawane S.N.	Dr.D.S.Kale
26.	2019	Study of DNA sequence variation within STAT1 Gene of Gaolao Cattle	Khandare P. M.	Dr.D.S.Kale

Departmental Extension Activity

Departmental Extension Activity

The Department is actively involved in scientific livestock development programmes organized by the institute for guiding farmers on breeds, breeding strategies, judging quality livestock, conservation issues and advances in animal genetics and breeding for livestock genetic improvement.